Improvement in magneto-electric machines



- J. K'IDDEF.

Malgneto-Elentric Machine.

No. 41,927.I Patented March 15, 1864.

WZVZWJJ I if." Invair, ZU)A UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Spccilieation forming part of Lett-ers Patent No. 111,927. dated March l5, lSii'l.

To all trimm 'it lmy concern;

Ee it known that I, Jnuonn- KrDDEn, ot' No. 429 Broadway, in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magnetic- VElectric Machines; and l do hereby declare that the following is a full clear, and exact description ot' the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, iu which- Figure l is a top view ot' a machine with my improvements. Fig. 2 is a vertical section ot' the same in the` plane indicated by the line a; ft' in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section ot' the same, showingthe parts above the plane ot' section, and representing them in inverted po-v sitions. Fig. -i is a vertical section ot the electro-magnet.

Similar letters and numbers ot reference in dicate corresponding parts in the several ligures.

lhe objectot' my invention is to enable the character 0i' the currents obtained by ama-gnetic electric machine to be varied iu a very great degree, more especially with a View to apply electro-magiietism to the cure otdisease,`

'by an' opposing current or currents, the tension thus remaining the same while thepower varies.

It consists, secondly, in the combination ot' a metallic strip or wire coiled around a helix, with arrangement-for metallic connection upon the said strip or wire to any desirable point lengthwise ot' the helix for the purpose ot' receiving the induced current through aclosed circuit, and thereby cutting otf the current from the inner coils of the helix.

It consists, thirdly, in the employment of a multiplier so arranged that any one battery of a series can be used,or anynuntber arranged in any positions inthe series may be combined.

Itconsists,fourthly, in the construction or arrangementlof the clectro-xnagnet and vibrating armature or hammer in such a manner as to make the poles ot' the magnet and the armature or hammer relatively adjustable toward or from each other to command uniform vibration under diiferent degrees ot' batterypower without altering the tension ot'the spring which draws back the armature or hammer.

It consists, tifthly, in the application to the spring which carries the vibrating armature or hammer of an adjustable clamp to regulate the vibrating length ot' the said spring, and thereby more perfectly control the rapidity of the vibrations, making them faster or slower, as may be desired.

It consists, sixthly, in a novel system ot" adjustable screws so arranged in a stationary bar or bars and in relation to a series of disks or their equivalents, forming the termini 'of the several wires of the helix or helices, as to serve the purpose, ot' bringing the currents ot' the said wires, or any number ot' them, to two tixed electrodes to which the conductors are to be attached.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to de scribe its construction and operation with reference to the drawings.V

A is the base or stand, of wood or other nonconducting material, which supports the machine made in the form ot' a box, which is divided by a partit-ion, A', into two compartments, ot' which one contains the helices und magnet and some ot' their appurtenances, and the other contains the battery.

B B B2 are carbon-cups forming the negative element of the battery, and G C 'U2 the zines forming thepositive elementot' the same. The cups are set in suitable seats in the base '.A, and the zines are held in screw-clamps D D D2 secured 4to a hinged lid, F, which covers the battery-compartment ofthe base, and which serves as-a convenientmeans of raising all the zincs simultaneously out of the cups. .The bottoms ot the cups rest on metallic screws H, one under each cup, towhichare attached the wires z' i t2, (see Fig. 1,) which conduct the positive currents from the. cups, the said wires passing to the hinges g g g2 of the wooden lid F, which correspond in number with the battery-cups, and from these hinges the said wires lead Vto metal studs secured in the lid F. Ot' these studs, Which are shown in Fig. l, there Fig. 1,) which are secured to the said lid. The bridge Y, situated over the studs c b c d, has screwed through it,in positions corresponding with the said studs,a row of screws, a* b* c* d and the bridge Y, situated over the studs c b c d', has screwed through it, in positions corresponding with the said studs or rows of screws a* bt* c* d, each one of the said screws being directly over one of the studs, and the said screws a're furnished with heads'ofl such form as to permit them to be taken hold ot' by the thumb and fingers and turned to bring them into or out of contact withv their respective studs. The bridgeY is connected, by a wire, 23,with an electrode marked in Figs. 1 and 3, and the bridge Y, by a wire, 24, with anelectrode marked in the same figures. Thestuds and screws serve as the means for combining the several coils of the two helices in various ways, so that their currents may be developed in them together or separately, thus giving ditierent characters to the currents, as may be desired, and as will be hereinafter described. Each pairot studs-that is to say, each two opposite ones of the t-wo rowshave a metal- 1ic.connection. Those a a are connected by a wire,33, (see Fig. 3,) with the stand Lbefore described. NVheu the machineis in operation one of the screws in. the bridge Y is always screwed down upon its respective stud, and

some one of the other screws in the oppositeA bridge, Yi, isscrewed down to its respective stud to bring the t wo bridges, and consequently the two electrodes, and into the circuit of the coil or coils, as willbe hereinafter explained.

The two soft-iron cores ofthe magnet p have holes drilled in their extremities, and these holes are tapped for the reception of two iron screws, g g', which, by being made susceptible of being screwed up or down, constitute adjustable poles that may be brought relatively nearer to or farther from the position occupied by the 'armature p when the circuit through the magnet is broken and the vibrating spring K is in contact with the vscrew J, 'so that'the armature may be made to vibrate equally well under astron g or'weak battery-power.l

The relative mobilityI which shortens or lengthens the distance between the magnet andarmature may be obtained by making the lid G adjustable higher or lower. In either of the above modes ofadjustment the distance between the armature and magnet is varied without altering the tension of the spring which drawsthe armature away from the magnet.

EV is the adjustable clamp for regulating the vibrating length of thes'pring R. Thisclamp is fitted to slide lengthwise of the spring on a plate, E2, which is iirmly secured on the top ofthe lid G, and is furnished with a screw, E', the screwing down of which at the same time secures it to the plate E, and tightens it upon the spring in such manner as to prevent any vibration of the latter between the said clamp and the bolt 0. By bringing the clamp nearer to the armature p, and so shortening the vibratinglength ot' the spring, the vibration is made quicker, and by setting buck the clamp an opposite result is obtained.

t t are thin strips ot' metal wound around each ot' the helices H Ii from one end to another, and having their several turns insulated from each other. The two ends of each of these strips aresecnred to the metal supports U and U', in which their respective helix is supported under' each helix, and parallel with the axis thereof', there is a straighttxed bar, W, which is secured to thelid G by means of two metal brackets, X and X', the former of which is also connected bya wire, 30, with the support U to make a metallic connection between thc said bar and one end of the strip Z.

In the brncltetX there is provided a slot through which passes a straight metal rod,V, one end of which is made with a clasp, V', to tit and slide along the tixed bar XV, and the other is formed with a handle, V2, which protrudes through an opening in one end ot' the box A. The end of the said rod V, on which the clasp V is provided, is also furnished with a roller, V3, which bears against the-strip t, and which, by the longitudinal movement ot' the rod V, is moved longitudinally upon the helix, by which means a metallic connection i-s made with the strip t at any desirable vdistance from the supportJ U, where there is another metallic connection. \Vhen the connection is so made the strip t receives the induced current ot' the helix in its closed circuit, and so cuts it oli from the coils beneath the portion ot th-e said strip between the support U and the roller. This contrivance is useful to cut oi'a current which is produced with strong 4battery-power (without the use ot' the piston or core. ot' wires being introduced) to apply it to the most sensitive parts ot' the body. It is also useful to prevent accident by the strong shock which is liable to be received in starting the machine before the piston or core of wires is withdrawn.

I will now describe the operation ot' the machine.

Suppose, for example, the battery-switch l on the stud l, the switch P on the stud mi", the switch T on the stud .-r, and the switch S on the stud u, as shown in Fig. 1. The current is received atl, and passes, as maybe traced in Fig. 1, through the switch P, wire e', hinge f, and wire 28, as indicated by arrows in Fig. 1, to the switch T; thence through the stud and. wire 25 to the end of the helix H, which it enters at 1, and, passing through the inner coil of large wire, passes ont at 2, and proceeds thence along the wire 32 to the stud n, through the switch S and wire 31, to the sec Y p, whence it passes by the wire 33 to the anglepiece Q', through the spring It' up to the bolt 0. From thence it passes along the spring K to the screwJ, through the support 1, and onward along the wire 29 tothe hingef, andl spring K and screw J, and the magnet thenceasing `t0 attract the 'armature allows the spring E to rise again into contact with the screw'J r'eclose the circuit,4 which again causes the armature to be. attracted and the circuit to be rebroken between the spring and thescrew, and in this way a vibrating movement of the spring K, and armature and intermission of the current is kept up, the rapidity of such vibration and intermission depending upon the positionoi' the clamp E'and vibrating length of the spring. When the circuit through the-magnet p is closed at J K the electrodes and are out of.circuit; but when the4 circuit is open at J K and any conductor connects the said electrodes a circuit will be made through the wire 33; one ot" the Y studs a a and b b' c c' or d d', the bridges y y' and wires 23 25, to one of the before-described connections of the studs b b' c c' d d', with the helices H H. When the switch S is on the stud u and the 'switch T on the stud x, as hereinbefore described and represented in the ac-v companying drawings, the primary current direction, as maybe seen by tracing the course of the arrows in Fig. 1, and develops the induced currents in the same direction, so that the. said currents are added together to give greater power and tension but by placing the switch S on the stud e and the switch T on the stud w-the primary current is caused to run in the opposite direction through the helix H, and to develop the induced current ofthat helix in the opposite direction, so that the said current cuts oit the power from H'.

It may be understood that by the conncc tion of the rst end, 6,' of 'the ne wire of the helices with the last end:,`4,of the coarse wire thereof by the wires 26 2U, as shown in Figs. l and 3, or invan equivalent mau-ner, the galyanic currentwill vhe caused tompassgtlirough the-inner coils of fine wire' of both helices E H' when the screw a* or a'tin one' ofthe bridges Y Y', and the screw "cit or c* in the other bridge, are screwed down upon their re! other, or it will traverse the coarse coils alone, if the screw b* or b'* of one bridge be screwed down with the screw a'* or a* of the other.

By turning down one or other ot the two screws in the two bridges, denoted by any letter, it will be seen that the studs indicated by that letter may be brought into connection with 'the electrode marked or with that marked sol that it will be seen that not only can any current be brought to the two electrodes and but the direction of the current'can be changed by its positive being brought to either electrode; hence not only is the inconvenience ot' changing the conductingwires to different posts or electrodes avoided, but great convenience is aorded for reversing the direction of, as well as receiving, any one of any number ot' currents at two definite elec-` trodes.

. What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The two helices .or systemslof helices H H', so combined and arranged that the induced current or currents of one may be added to the current or currents of the other, also that the current or currents of one may be made to run in opposition to the current or currents of another for the purpose of cutting oi' the power, substantially as herein speciied.

2.'The combination of a metallic strip or wire, t, surrounding a helix, and the arrange ment for metallic connection V V' V3,'to connect any desirable points upon the said strip, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified. v

3. The battery-multiplier, composed of a system ot studs, It Zm n k* l* mtui", or their equivalents, and switches P P* with suitable battery-connections, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

4. Making the poles of the electro-magnet p and the armature or hammer p' relatively' adj'ustabie toward or from cach other without altering the tension of the-spring which draws back the armature or hammer, substantially as herein specied.

5.. AThe 'movabe clamp E, applied to the springK whichl carries the vibrating armatureor hammer, substantially as and for the purjk 

